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>> Urdu Syllabus Main

Urdu Syllabus Main

Paper-I

Section-A
Development of Urdu Language

a) Development of Indo-Aryan (i) Old Indo-Aryan (ii) Middle Indo Aryan (iii) New Indo Aryan
b) Western Hindi and its dialects Brij Bhasha Khadi Boli, Haryanavi Kannauji, Bundeli-Theories about the origin of Urdu Language
c) Dakhani Urdu-Origin and development, its significant linguistic features.
d) Social and Cultural roots of Urdu language-and its distinctive features.

Script, Phonology, Morphology, Vocabulary.

Section-B

a) Genres and their development :
(i) Poetry : Ghazal, Masnavi, Qasida, Marsia, Rubai, Jadid Nazm,
(ii) Prose : Novel, Short Story, Dastan, Drama, Inshaiya, Khutoot, Biography.

b) Significant features of :
(i) Deccani, Delhi and Lucknow schools
(ii) Sir Syed movement, Romantic movement, Progressive movement, Modernism.

c) Literary Criticism and its development with reference to Hali, Shibli, Kaleemuddin Ahmad, Ehtisham Hussain, Ale-Ahmad Suroor.

d) Essay writing (covering literary and imaginative topics)


Paper-II

Answers must be written in Urdu.

This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed and will be designed to test the candidate's critical ability.

Section-A

1. Mir Amman Bagho-Babar

2. Ghalib Intikhab-e-Khutoot-e Ghalib

3. Mohd. Husain Nairang-e-Khayal
Azad

4. Prem Chand Godan

5. Rajendra Singh Apne Dukh Mujhe
Bedi Dedo

6. Abul Kalam Azad Ghubar-e-Khatir

Section-B

1. Mir Intikhab-e-Kalam-e-Mir
(Ed. Abdul Haq.)

2. Mir Hasan Sahrul Bayan

3. Ghalib Diwan-e-Ghalib

4. Iqbal Bal-e-Jibrail

5. Firaq Gul-e-Naghma

6. Faiz Dast-e-Saba

7. Akhtruliman Bint-e-Lamhat

URDU

Paper I

Urdu ki Lisani Tashkil - Mirza Khalil Ahmad Beg [Educational Book House, Aligarh]
Mokqadwa; Tarikh-e-Zuban-e-Urdu - Prof. Maswood Husain Khan [Educational Book House, Aligarh]
Ansaf-e-SuKhan aur Sher Haiyyaten - Shamian Ahmed

Paper II

Urdu Shairi ka Tauqidi Mutala - Suenbul Nigar [Educational Book House, Aligarh]
Urdu Nasr ka Tauqidi Mutala - Suenbul Nigar [Educational Book House, Aligarh]
Urdu Adab Ki Tarikh - Noorul Hasan Naqvi [Educational Book House, Aligarh]

>> Persian Syllabus Main

Persian Syllabus Main

Paper-I

There will be two questions which must be answered in Persian. The remaining questions must be answered either in Persian or in the medium of examination opted by the candidate.

Section-A

1. (a) Description of the origin and development of Persian language (to be answered in Persian).
(b) Applied Grammar, Rhetorics, Prosody, Idioms and Phrases frequently used.
(i) Grammar : Ism and its kinds, Zamir-e-Muttasil and Munfasil, Murakkabi-Tausifi, Murakkab-i-Izafi, Ismi-Ishara, Musharun Elaih, Fel and its kinds, Tenses, Gardan, singular and plural, Jumleh and its kinds.
(ii) Rhetorics : Tajnees, Ishteqaq, Luzum-ma-la-yalzum, seyaqatul Aadad, Qalb, Tarsee, Esteaara, Maratun Nazir, Laff-o-Nashr, Iham, Husn-i-Taalil, Tajahuli-Aarefaneh, Talmih, Tansiqus Sifat.
(iii) Prosody : Bahri-Muzara, Ramal, Mutaqarib, Tawil, Hazaj, Kamil.

Secton B

1. Short essay in Persian-250 words (to be answered in Persian).

2. History of Persian Literature in Iran and India; Literary criticism and styles; trends in classical and modern literature; socio-cultural influences, development of modern literary genres including drama, novel, short story.

Paper-II

There will be two compulsory questions–one each in textual portions of prose and poetry which are to be answered in Persian. The remaining questions are to be answered either in Persian or in the medium of examination opted by the candidate.
This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed and will be designed to test the candidate’s critical ability.

Section-A

Prose
1. Nizami Aroozi Samarqandi : Chahar Maqala :
(i) Dabiri
(ii) Shaairi

2. Qabus.b, Washmgir : Qabus Nama :
(i) Dar Shinakhtan-e-Haqq-e-Pidar-wa- Madar
(ii) Dar Bishi Justan Az Sukhandani
(iii) Dar Talib Ilmi Wa Faqih Wa Fuqaha

3. Sadi Shirazi : Gulistan :
(i) Dar Tasir-e-Suhbat

4. Moh. Awfi : Jawameul Hikayat :
(i) First Ten Hikayaat

5. Ziauddin Burney : Tarikh-i-Firozshahi :
(i) Wasaya-i-Sultan Balban Be Farzand-e-Buzurg

6. Abul Fazl Ain-e-Akbari:
(i) Ain-Khazina-i-Abadi
(ii) Ain-e-Shabistan-e-Iqbal
(iii) Ain-e-Manzil Dar Yurisha
(iv) Ain-e-Cheragh Afrozi

7. Sadiq-i-Hedayat:
(i) Dash Akul
(ii) Girdab

8. Mohd. Hijazi :
(i) Khudkushi
(ii) Pezeshk-e-Chashm

Section-B

Poetry
1. Firadausi : Shahnama :
(i) Rustam-o-Sohrab

2. Khayyam : Rubaaiyat (Radif Alif and Be)

3. Saadi Shirazi : Bustan:
‘Dar Adl-u-Tadbir-u-Rai’

4. Amir Khusrau: Majmua-i-Diwan-e-Khusrau. (Radif Dal)

5. Maulana Rum: Mathnawi Maanawi
(First Half of Daftar Duwwum)

6. Hafiz : (Radif Alif and Dal)

7. Urfi Shirazi : Qasaaid :
(i) Iqbal-e-Karam Migazad Arbabi-Himam Ra.
(ii) Har Sukhta Jane Ki Ba Kashmir Dar Ayad.
(iii) Sabah-e-Idd Ke Dar Takiyagah-e-Naz-u-Naeem.

8. Ghalib : Ghazaaliyat (Radif Alif)

9. Bahar Mashhadi :
(i) Jughd-e-Jung
(ii) Sukoot-e-Shab
(iii) Damawandiye
(iv) Dukhtar-e-Basra

10. Furugh-e-Farrukhzad:
(i) Dar Barabad-e-Khuda
(ii) Diw-e-Shab

11. Nimayushij :
(i) Qu
(ii) Khar-Kan
Note :- Textual portions of prose and poetry are to be explained in Persian compulsorily.

>> Hindi Syllabus Main

Hindi Syllabus Main

Paper-I

Section-A

1.History of Hindi Language and Nagari Lipi.

I. Grammatical and applied forms of Apbhransh, Awahatta & Arambhik Hindi.

II. Development of Braj and Awadhi as literary language during medieval period.

III. Early form of Khari-boli in Siddha-Nath Sahitya, Khusero, Sant Sahitaya, Rahim etc. and Dakhni Hindi.

IV. Development of Khari-boli and Nagari Lipi during 19th Century.

V. Standardisation of Hindi Bhasha & Nagari Lipi.

VI. Development of Hindi as national Language during freedom movement.

VII. The development of Hindi as a National Language of Union of India.

VIII. Scientific & Technical development of Hindi Language.

IX. Prominent dialects of Hindi and their inter relationship.

X. Salient features of Nagari Lipi and the efforts for its reform & Standard form of Hindi.

XI. Grammatical structure of Standard Hindi.


Section-B

2. History of Hindi Literature.

I. The relevance and importance of Hindi literature and tradition of writing History of Hindi
Literature.

II. Literary trends of the following four periods of history of Hindi Literature.

A : Adikal-Sidh, Nath and Raso Sahitya.
Prominent poets-Chandvardai, Khusaro, Hemchandra, Vidyapati.

B : Bhaktikal-Sant Kavyadhara, Sufi Kavyadhara, Krishna Bhaktidhara and Ram Bhaktidhara.
Prominent Poets-Kabir, Jayasi, Sur & Tulsi.

C: Ritikal-Ritikavya, Ritibaddhakavya & Riti Mukta Kavya.
Prominent Poets-Keshav, Bihari, Padmakar and Ghananand.

D : Adhunik Kal

a. Renaissance, the development of Prose, Bharatendu Mandal.
b. Prominent Writers : Bharatendu, Bal Krishna Bhatt & Pratap Narain Mishra.
c. Prominent trends of modern Hindi Poetry : Chhayavad, Pragativad, Proyogvad, Nai Kavita, Navgeet and Contemporary poetry and Janvadi Kavita.
Prominent Poets : Maithili Sharan Gupta, Prasad, Nirala, Mahadevi, Dinkar, Agyeya, Muktibodh, Nagarjun.

III. Katha Sahitya

A. Upanyas & Realism

B. The origin and development of Hindi Novels.

C. Prominent Novelists : Premchand, Jainendra, Yashpal, Renu and Bhism Sahani.

D. The origin and development of Hindi short story.

E. Prominent short Story Writers : Premchand, Prasad, Agyeya, Mohan Rakesh & Krishna Shobti.

IV. Drama & Theatre

A. The origin & Development of Hindi Drama.

B. Prominent Dramatists : Bharatendu, Prasad, Jagdish Chandra Mathur, Ram Kumar Verma, Mohan Rakesh.

C. The development of Hindi Theature.

V. Criticism

A : The origin and development of Hindi criticism : Saiddhantik, Vyavharik, Pragativadi,
Manovishleshanvadi & Nai Alochana.

B : Prominent critics : Ramchandra Shukla, Hajari Prasad Dwivedi, Ram Vilas Sharma &
Nagendra.

VI. The other forms of Hindi prose-Lalit Nibandh, Rekhachitra, Sansmaran, Yatra-vrittant.


Paper-II

Answers must be written in Hindi.

This paper will require first hand reading of prescribed texts and will test the critical ability of the candidates.

Section-A

1. Kabir : Kabir Granthawali, Ed, Shyam Sundar Das (First hundred Sakhis.)

2. Surdas : Bhramar Gitsar, Ed. Ramchandra Shukla (First hundred Padas)

3. Tulsidas : Ramchrit Manas (Sundar Kand) Kavitawali (Uttar Kand).

4. Jayasi : Padmawat Ed. Shyam Sundar Das (Sinhal Dwip Khand & Nagmativiyog Khand)

5. Bihari : Bihari Ratnakar Ed. Jagnnath Prasad Ratnakar (First 100 Dohas)

6. Maithili Sharan Gupta : Bharat Bharati

7. Prasad : Kamayani (Chinta and Sharddha Sarg)

8. Nirala : Rag-Virag, Ed. Ram Vilas Sharma (Ram Ki Shakti Puja & Kukurmutta).

9. Dinkar : Kurushetra

10. Agyeya : Angan Ke Par Dwar (Asadhya Vina)

11. Muktiboth : Brahma Rakshas

12. Nagarjun : Badal Ko Ghirte Dekha Hai, Akal Ke Bad, Harijan Gatha.

Section-B

1. Bharatendu : Bharat Durdasha

2. Mohan Rakesh : Ashad Ka Ek Din

3. Ramchandra Shukla : Chintamani (Part I)

(Kavita Kya Hai] Shraddha Aur Bhakti)

4. Dr. Satyendra : Nibandh Nilaya-Bal Krishna Bhatt, Premchand, Gulab Rai, Hajari Prasad
Dwivedi, Ram Vilas Sharma, Agyeya, Kuber Nath Rai.

5. Premchand : Godan, Premchand ki Sarvashreshtha Kahaniyan, Ed. Amrit Rai, Manjusha -
Premchand ki Sarvashreshtha Kahaniyan, Ed. Amrit Rai

6. Prasad : Skandgupta

7. Yashpal : Divya

8. Phaniswar Nath Renu : Maila Anchal

9. Mannu Bhandari : Mahabhoj

10. Rajendra Yadav : Ek Dunia Samanantar (All Stories)

>> Arabic Syllabus Main exam

Arabic Syllabus Main

Paper-I

Section-A
1. (a) Origin and development of the language-an outline.

(b) Significant features of the grammar of the language, Rhetorics, Prosody.

(c) Short Essay in Arabic.

Section-B
2. Literary History and Literary Criticism : Socio-Cultural Background, Classical literature, literary movements, modern trends, origin and development of modern prose : drama, novel, short story, essay.

Paper-II

This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed and will be designed to test the candidate's critical ability. Answers must be written in Arabic.

Section-A
Poets :
1. Imraul Qais : Qifa Nabke Min Zikra Habibin Wa Manzili (complete)
Al Muallaqatus Saba

2. Hassan bin Thabit : Lillahi Darru Isabatin Nadamtuhum (complete)
Diwan Hassan Bin Thabit

3. Jarir : Hayyu Umamata Wazkuru Ahdan Mada
To
Jalbas Sifahi Wa Damiatin Bikila
Nukhbatul Adab : Deptt. of Arabic, A.M.U. Aligarh

4. Farzdaq : Hazal Lazi Tariful Batha-o-Watatuhu (complete)
Majmuatun Minan Nazm-i-Wan Nasr, Jamia Salafiah, Varanasi

5. Al Mutanabbi : Ya Ukhta Khair-e-Akhin Ya Binta Khair-e-Abin
To
Aqamahul Fikru Bainal Ijz-e-Wattaabi
Nukhbatul Adab, Deptt. of Arabic, A.M.U. Alig.

6. Abul Ala Al-Maarri : Ala Fi Sabil Majdi Ma Ana Faailu
To
Wa Ya Nafsu Jiddi Inna Dahraki Hazilu
Majmuatul Minan Nazm-i-Wan Nasr, Jamia Salafia, Varanasi

7. Shauqi : Wulidal Huda Falkainatu Diau
To
Makhtara Illa Dinakal Fuqarau
Salamun Neeli Ya Ghandi (complete)
Shauqiat

8. Hafiz Ibrahim :-Rajatu Linafsi Fattahamtu Hasati (complete)
Nukhbatul Adab

9. Ilya Abu Madi : Damatun Kharsao (complete)
Mukhtarat Minal Sher Al Arabi Al Hadith, M.M. Badwi

Section-B

Authors Books Lessons
1. Ibnul Muqaffa Kalilah Wa Dimnah Al Asad Wal Thaur

2. Al-Jahiz Mukhtarat Min Adabil Arab Bakhilun Hakim (complete)
Part II By : S.A. Hasan Ali Nadwi

3. Ibn Khaldun Muqaddamah Araun Fit Talim (complete)

4. Mahmud Taimur Qalar Rawi Am Mutawalli (complete)

5. Taufiqual Hakim Masrahiyat Sirrul Muntahira (complete)

6. Abbas Mahmud Aqqad Mukhtarat Min Adabil Arab-II Assiddiq (complete)

(b) Study Of Indian Authors :

1. Ghulam Ali Azad Bilgrami

2. Shah Walullah Dehlavi

3. Zulfiqar Ali Deobandl

4. Abdul Aziz Meman

5. Syed Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi

>> SUCCESS TILISM FOR UPSC EXAM

SUCCESS TILISM FOR UPSC EXAM

1. Always remember that there is simple difference between one who qualifies and one who does not qualify. This simple difference is created by the aspirants themselves. Both the qualified and non qualified students are really labourious and even those candidates who have not qualified, certain time are more labourious than the qualified candidates. Then question arises why after being so labourious one is unable to qualify this exam. The answer lies in the mode of preparation. The non qualified candidates labour really hard because he is not the directed one. He goes here and there and collects information in a wayward manner for that reason he invest/waste a lot of energy, time and finances in this way, for which he get no returns. He labours hard really because he has not been given a proper direction and is not enlightened as far the UPSC examination and its nature is concern. Because of this his preparation is not targeted one. On the other hand, the directed aspirants who has identified the nature and purpose of the UPSC examination goes to hit the target straight forward without going wayward and wasting his energies, time and finances. Remember your age (which decides your enthusiasm) and the attempts in UPSC (which decides the pressure on your mind) and your financial health (which decides your career) are very crucial considerations for this exam if you are loosing them at your prime age then there can be no fill-gap mechanism left for you. So the crux is that you make yourself directed one with a proper guidance mechanism for you at every stage of the examination.

2. Proper guidance can be acquired by you if you are able to know the UPSC examination through the study mechanism by your own.

3. You can acquire the proper guidance for you by interacting with those persons who are already in process of preparing for this exam or through the candidates who have cleared prelim or main at least once.

4. Circle of your friends and those with whom you are interacting with are also one of the deciding factors in your success so try to be with those who are knowledgeable enough to contribute to your knowledge which can help you in enhancing your knowledge base, for the UPSC examination.

5. Entertain yourself with all means, see movies, roam the parks, enjoy the entertaining talks with your friends but remember that from everywhere you have to come out with something which contributes to the overall growth of your personality.

6. As far the study is concern study only few basic books and study materials, which has been selected section and topic wise and has been mentioned in the Kohinoor guidelines which has been distributed among you through Project Kohinoor.

7. Classify previous year’s questions topic wise and try to understand their nature, background, source and their importance so that the UPSC’s perspective of selecting the facts could be clear to you. This step is very necessary for your success in the preliminary examination.

8. Once you are able to identify the nature and the background of the questions asked in the last year’s exams, you can easily identify which information is important for the exam and can collect them thereof in your note book.

9. You can make your own collection of facts in registers so that it would be easy for you to refer them easily whenever you required.

10. There is a lot of confusion regarding how much time an aspirant has to give for the study. Here the simple answer from Kohinoor fraternity would be that the study time should be decided by the two factors; one is that it has to depend on the physical capacity of the candidates, second is that it has to be decided by the mental capability of the candidate also. So the time management can vary from person to person but the prime concern should always have to be to know how to cover the vast syllabus at our disposal. One person can study three hours to mug up 100 informations, for others it may take six hours. So in this field your mental and physical capacities have prime importance in deciding the time than to copy other persons.

11. Always be attached to the ground realities and be down to earth person. Be polite to others. And always guide the Youngers who are coming to you to get certain information regarding you and UPSC.

12. Always try to attach or incorporate positive things to your personality which will help you in the UPSC interview and will also help you to be positively charged for the UPSC examination.

13. Read the interviews of the toppers of the Civil Services Examination. The reading and the information given over there by the topper will energize you and will give you the idea that the students who had qualified the Civil Services Examination are just like you but had labour hard during their attempt and on that basis they have finally been selected.

14. Try to identify certain things which are common within you and the toppers. And through the prism of proper comparision try to assess and evaluate yourself in the field of the UPSC.

15. always remember the mantra of success i.e. “harder you work luckier you become”, so the key to the success in the UPSC examination is nothing but the labour you are going to put in this field but you also need to keep in mind that labour only is not the last word in the field of success, proper guidance and direction are as much needed as the all important labour from your side. So make a proper balance of all thing to command a winning edge for UPSC.

>>SUCCESS TILISM FOR THE UPSC PRELIMINARY EXAM

SUCCESS TILISM FOR THE UPSC PRELIMINARY EXAM

SUCCESS IN THE UPSC EXAM, HAS TO BE BASED ON THREE PILLARS OF
MOTIVATION
DEDICATION
DETERMINATION
AND
DIRECTION
NOURISHED BY THE PERSONAL STRATEGY BUILT UPON YOUR OWN MENTAL AND PHYSICAL CAPABILITIES

STEPS TOWARDS PRELIMINARY TEST

1. MAKE SURE THAT YOU ARE MENTALLY AND PHYSICALLY READY TO TAKE THE TASK OF PREPRATION SERIOUSLY.
2. GO THROUGH THE SYLLABUS OF THE OPTIONAL SUBJECT YOU HAVE OPTED FOR THE PRELIMINARY TEST.
3. COLLECT THE BASIC INFORMATION OF THE PRELIMINARY TEST THROUGH THE MAGAZINES AND SENIOR ASPIRANTS WHO HAVE QUALIFIED IT.
4. AFTER GATHERING BASIC INFORMATION FOR THE TEST AND PREPARATION, MAKE YOUR OWN STRATEGY TO TACKLE TWIN HURDLES OF THE PREPARATION AND THE TEST. STRATEGY SHOULD BE YOUR OWN BASED UPON YOUR OWN MENTAL AND PHYSICAL CABABILITIES.
5. AFTER GOING THROUGH THE ABOVE MENTIONED FOUR STEPS, SIT DOWN ALONG WITH THE SYUDY TABLE, CONSOLIDATING YOUR COMMAND OVER OPTIONAL SUBJECT WHILE GIVING DEEP ATTENTION TO GENERAL STUDIES ALSO.

SUCCESS WILL SURELY COME IF YOU ARE
PROPERLY GUIDED ONE

SUCCESS ALWAYS COMES AFTER PAIN.
LUCK MUST PLAY THE CRUCIAL ROLE.

BUT ALWAYS HAVE IN MIND THAT
“HARDER YOU WORK LUCKIER YOU BECOME”






In the Preliminary examination all the optional papers have their own intricacies related to the nature and preparation. Their respective qualifying marks each year also vary and they have their own plus and minus points. So before a student starts preparation for this examination he has to have all these information clear in his mind. Identification of nature of all the steps and stages of UPSC examination is the first criteria for qualifying the Civil Services Examination. If an aspirant is aware about the nature of the UPSC examination, and is able to know and identify the study materials to be referred for this examination i.e. for prelim and main exams certainly he will be the achiever of the ultimate goal targeted by almost 3 lakhs of Indian each year.So the need is to be the directed energy than to be the misguided mind. Remember one thing that the failed aspirant is always more labourious than those students who qualify this exam. He has put more labour because he is not the directed energy because of that he went to labour hard in all directions most of the time wasting all his energies, while the successful candidates has the proper direction and target before him and on that basis he positively narrow down his area of study and without wasting his energies, time and finances he just went to hit the ultimate target, thus he get the result by investing less labour than those who failed in this exam. So the need is to save the energies, time and finance in the most positive result oriented manner and the best way in this regard is to be the directed energy under the guidance of those who are genuinely interested in providing proper direction and guidance to the students/aspirants.

>>Choice of subjects for the Preliminary and Main UPSC examination–

The selection of subjects should be done with utmost care, if you go wrong here, everything will go wrong.

Choice of subjects for the Preliminary –
· Due care and caution should be the main criteria for deciding the subject for the UPSC examination.
· Choose only those subject with which you are familiar with and
· Subjects which you have studied till graduate level can be preferred.
· See whether you are comfortable with the subject.
· Select the subject of your interest.
· Analyze the syllabus and the question papers of previous years.
· Assess your knowledge base and comfort level with the subject.
· Advice from seniors and fellow students who are well versed in the subject (consultation with experienced/senior colleagues.)